Beyond the surface: Understanding problem context in water governance

The traits of the water problems matter when it comes to understanding why certain governance approaches work in some places, but not in others. Some water problems need quick action; others are complex and need responses that understand ecological processes and interconnections. We identify different water-related issues and understand to what extent they may shape how governance arrangements are crafted.

“We use a thief to catch a thief”

Around the world, there is growing interest in how governments can partner with informal water providers. In Kisumu, Kenya, the utility is twenty years into a partnership with former ‘water cartels’ to ensure clean water supply to the most vulnerable residents.