Groundwater and the political between the drops: Urban clean water shortage in Java, Indonesia
The big picture of water scarcity in Java, Indonesia provides ample graphs and dramatic pictures of decreasing water quality and trends of more frequent seasonal droughts. This concern has been severe enough for Java to be classified as a region of water shortage since the 1980s in the ‘Global Water Scarcity Atlas’
“We use a thief to catch a thief”
Around the world, there is growing interest in how governments can partner with informal water providers. In Kisumu, Kenya, the utility is twenty years into a partnership with former ‘water cartels’ to ensure clean water supply to the most vulnerable residents.
Rainwater harvesting for irrigation in semi-arid regions of Kenya
Irrigation consumes the up to 70% of freshwater globally. In much of sub-Saharan Africa, irrigation development is increasing, placing strain on water resources.
Scarcity of water governance or water scarcity?
Water shortage is a multifaceted challenge that has long existed in various parts of the world, but its impact has been amplified by recent trends, such as increasing urbanization, agricultural intensification, economic development, population growth, maritime trade, and extreme hydroclimatic changes (He et al., 2021; Kummu et al., 2016).
